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Understanding Contracts

Philip Hannay, founder and managing director of Cloch Solicitors and our Legal Industry Associate, offers a handy five-point guide to the why, who, how, what and when of contracts.

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In May 2011, CEO and Glasgow Sculpture Studios delivered the networking event Grasping Contracts. It was hosted by Philip Hannay, founder and managing director of Cloch Solicitors. During the course of the event, he offered a handy five-point guide to the why, who, how, what and when of contracts.

Why should I be interested in contracts, and what worth do they have for me?

Valuation

  • Commitment – the act and cost of contracting demonstrates serious intentions.
  • Clarity – contracts make the rights and obligations of everyone involved absolutely clear.
  • Certainty – contracts enable future proofing of business for the contract term. 

Who am I contractually? Who am I getting in the contract bed with?

Identification

  • Parties – be clear on legal identity and necessary guarantees, or risk an unenforceable contract.
  • Price – be clear on expenses and levies (e.g. VAT) and consider advances and deposits versus retainers and deferred payment.
  • Property – be clear on product sold or service rendered and who is to perform contracts. Make the rights and obligations of everyone involved very clear.
Understanding Contracts

How do I form a contract? When and on what basis may a contract be formed?

Exploitation (registration)

  • Material – contractual discussions should be entered consciously and put into writing.
  • Mode – there should be an offer and an acceptance, or a single document to negotiate subject to contract.
  • Meeting (of minds) – there should be clear, unqualified agreement, or a counteroffer may have been tendered.

What provisions may give rise to a contractual beating? Is contractual self-defence possible?

Protection

  • Risk – consider warranties and indemnities or the need to revise them.
  • Reward – contractual performance (e.g. lump sum vs. royalties) and non-performance (e.g. interest) can carry inadvertent rewards.
  • Rest – insurance policies can enhance peace of mind over contractual risk.

When contracts are concluded, don’t they just get put in a drawer and forgotten about?

Management

  • End – auto renewal clauses and the conduct of the people involved may prevent a contract from ending.
  • Examine – audit contracts regularly and consider whether amendments are needed to keep them commercial and relevant.
  • Enforce – register contracts for legal preservation and execution.
Disclaimer: We want to keep you in the know, so we offer a wide selection of useful resources. But Cultural Enterprise Office isn’t responsible for the advice and information of external organisations in this document. So if you have any questions, please contact the specific organisation directly. 

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